Selaginellin has a neuroprotective effect against L-glutamate-induced neurotoxicity through mechanisms related to anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis via scavenging reactive oxygen species and up-regulating the expression of klotho gene. Selaginellin shows inhibitory effect on high glucose-induced cell injury and apoptosis in differentiated PC12 cells, which is related to inhibition of LOX-1/NADPH oxidase-reactive oxygen species/caspase-3 signaling pathway.