Antibacterial

Malacidin B 是一种大环脂肽抗生素，以钙依赖的方式发挥抗菌活性。

Thalrugosaminine shows promising antibacterial activity with MIC values of 64-128ug/ml and Staphylococcus species is the most sensitive strains. Thalrugosaminine possesses hypotensive activity in rabbits and is active against Mycobacterium smegmatis.

JH-LPH-28, a sulfonyl piperazine analog, is a potent inhibitor of UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine pyrophosphate hydrolase LpxH, exhibiting exceptional antibiotic activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.83 μg/mL.

H-Trp-Trp-Trp-OH 是一种三肽，由色氨酸组成。H-Trp-Trp-Trp-OH 具有抗菌活性。

Quorum sensing is a regulatory process used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group) and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family. C18:1-δ9 cis-(L)-HSL is a long-chain AHL that may have antimicrobial activity and thus, might be used to inhibit pathogenesis by regulating bacerial quorum sensing signaling.

4-Chlorocinnamic acid is a photosensitive compound. 2-Chlorocinnamic acid and 4-chlorocinnamic acid show potent urease inhibitory activities with the respective IC50 values of 0.66 and 1.10 uM.

Colistin methanesulfonate sodium salt (Colistimethate Sodium) 是一种来自 Bacillus colistinus 的环状多肽抗生素，由多粘菌素 E1 和 E2 组成。

Mithramycin A (Plicamycin) 是一种dna 结合的抗肿瘤抗生素，选择性特异性蛋白1 (Sp1)抑制剂，通过降低Sp1蛋白抑制多种肿瘤的生长。特异性蛋白1 (Sp1)是一种锌指转录因子，调节多种细胞功能，促进肿瘤进展。

Sodium citrate (Natrocitral) 是柠檬酸的钠盐。Sodium citrate 诱导G2/M 期和S 期细胞凋亡和细胞周期阻滞。Sodium citrate 通过降低抗氧化酶活性引起肝脏氧化损伤。

Loxapine 是 D2DR 和 D4DR 抑制剂和5-羟色胺能受体拮抗剂，是一种抗精神病药物，主要用于治疗精神分裂症。

TBI-166，一种利米吩嗪类似物，是一种具有口服活性的抗结核药物，不良反应比 riminophenazine 化合物 Clofazimine 小。

LpxC-IN-5 is a potent, non-hydroxamate inhibitor of LpxC, which is an enzyme known as UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase. It exhibits an IC50 value of 20 nM. Furthermore, LpxC-IN-5 displays antibacterial activity against various strains including E. coli ATCC25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC27853, K. pneumoniae ATCC13883, and P. aeruginosa 5567. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for these strains are 16 μg/mL, 4 μg/mL, 64 μg/mL, and 4 μg/mL, respectively.

Monobehenin 对细菌生物膜的形成有很强的抑制作用。

Antimicrobial agent-21是一种有效的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶抑制剂 ，具有抗菌、抗炎和抗肿瘤活性，可用来治疗白内障，溃疡性结肠炎，脑膜炎和川崎氏病帕金森氏症。

Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium hydrate (Potassium citrate monohydrate) 是一种藤黄果的主要活性成分，也是一种柠檬酸的衍生物。它可竞争性抑制柠檬酸裂解酶 (ATP citrate lyase) ，并具有减肥作用。它有效抑制结石形成，并抑制HIF，具有抗氧化，抗炎和抗肿瘤活性。

2-Heptanol (s-Heptyl alcohol)，一种在Curcuma angustifolia和Curcuma zedoaria的根茎提取的精油中发现的化学化合物，其根茎精油表现出显著的抗菌和抗氧化特性。

anti-TB agent 1是一种有效的口服活性抗结核化合物，对结核分枝杆菌H37Rv、rRMP 和rINH 的MICs＜2nM。

Chlorogenic acid 是一种金银花中的天然酚类。Chlorogenic acid 具有多种生物活性，包括抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗菌、神经保护等。

Cochliodone A 是一种从深海衍生真菌Chaetomium sp.培养物中分离的活性化合物，展示出了抗细菌和抗癌的特性。该化合物对多种细菌显示出有效的抑制作用，其最小抑菌浓度（MICs）分别为：V. vulnificus 15.3 μg/mL，V. rotiferianus 32.7 μg/mL，S. aureus ATCC 43300 15.9 μg/mL 和 S. aureus CGMCC 1.12409 16.3 μg/mL。Cochliodone A 同时对不同的癌细胞系也有抑制效果，其半数抑制浓度（IC50s）分别为：A549 28.1 μM，HeLa 20.7 μM，和 Hep G2 23.2 μM。

YXL-13 is a highly effective inhibitor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1), with an IC50 value of 3.686 μM. It effectively hinders the expression of virulence factors and inhibits biofilm formation in PAO1. Moreover, YXL-13 significantly diminishes both the pathogenicity and drug resistance of PAO1 by inhibiting the quorum sensing (QS) system. Thus, YXL-13 holds great potential for studying antibacterial properties [1].

Bombolitin IV为大黄蜂毒液中提取的抗菌肽，具有裂解红细胞与脂质体的能力。

Licarin B (Licarine B) 是来源于肉豆蔻种子的一种天然产物，是 NO 生成抑制剂，可通过激活 IRS-1/PI3K/AKT 通路中的PPARγ和GLUT4 改善胰岛素敏感性。

Undecanoic acid (Hendecanoic acid) 是一种具有抗真菌特性的一元羧酸，可抑制红色葡萄球菌中细胞外角蛋白酶、脂肪酶的产生和几种磷脂的生物合成。

Antibacterial agent 104 是有效的抗细菌 (antibacterial) 剂，体外具有显著的抗细菌作用，体内表现出良好的抗 MRSA 效果。

Amycolatopsin A is a macrolide polyketide originally isolated fromAmycolatopsisthat has antimycobacterial and anticancer activities.1It is active againstM. bovisandM. tuberculosis(IC50s = 0.4 and 4.4 μM, respectively) but notB. subtilis,S. aureus,E. coli, orP. aeruginosa(IC50s = >30 μM for all). Amycolatopsin A is cytotoxic to SW620 colorectal and NCI H460 lung cancer cells (IC50s = 0.08 and 1.2 μM, respectively). 1.Khalil, Z.G., Salim, A.A., Vuong, D., et al.Amycolatopsins A-C: Antimycobacterial glycosylated polyketide macrolides from the Australian soil Amycolatopsis sp. MST-108494J. Antibiot. (Tokyo)70(12)1097-1103(2017)

2,3-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde (5,6-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde) 是苯甲酸类似物，具有高抗真菌活性(MIC=2.5 mM)。2,3-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde 可用于合成小檗碱。

SCH 38519 is an isochromanequinone fungal metabolite originally isolated from Thermomonospora. It inhibits aggregation induced by thrombin , as well as inhibits serotonin secretion in human platelets (IC50s = 68 and 61 μg/ml, respectively). It inhibits the growth of various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (mean MICs = 122.1 and 0.92 μg/ml, respectively).

Caryophyllene oxide 是一种天然产物，源自Annona squamosa L. bark. ，有缓解疼痛和抗炎特性。

N-(beta-Ketocaproyl)-L-hoMoserine lactone (N-(Ketocaproyl)-L-homoserine lactone) 是群体调节感应的成分之一。

Hydroxytyrosol (2-(3,4-Di-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol) 是从橄榄树及其叶子中提取的一种酚类化合物，具有抗氧化、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗血栓、抗菌、抗炎和抗肿瘤的作用，可用于研究心血管药物。

Omeprazole 是有效的质子泵抑制剂，在胃肠道疾病的研究中具有价值。它竞争性抑制CYP2C19活性，Ki 为 2 到 6 μM。它还抑制革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌生长。它是中性鞘磷脂酶的外泌体抑制剂。

Methicillin sodium salt 是β-内酰胺抗生素，抑制参与肽聚糖合成的青霉素结合蛋白。

Maximin 2，一种来自Bombina maxima皮肤分泌物的抗菌肽，表现出对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性及对精子的杀伤效果。

Biapenem (CLI 86815) 是不经肠道的广谱碳青霉烯抗生素。