Apoptosis

2-Aminoethanethiol (Cysteamine) 是一种胱氨酸消耗剂。半胱胺的作用机制是胱氨酸二硫化物还原。

Meloside A (Isovitexin 2''-O-β-D-glucoside) 是一种从大麦中提取的苯丙烷类天然产物。 Meloside A 对过量的 UV-B 辐射具有抗氧化和保护作用，并与对病原体的抵抗力有关。

TAK-243 (MLN7243) 是一种泛素激活酶 UAE 的抑制剂 (IC50=1 nM)，具有选择性。TAK-243 可阻断泛素结合，破坏单泛素信号传导以及整体蛋白质泛素化。TAK-243 具有抗肿瘤活性，可以促进细胞凋亡。

XX-650-23 是一种小分子 CREB 抑制剂，阻断 CREB 与其所需的共激活因子 CBP（CREB 结合蛋白）之间的关键相互作用，诱导AML细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞，可用于研究急性髓系白血病 （AML）。

Neochamaejasmin A can inhibit cellular (3)H-thymidine incorporation (IC 50 12.5 microg/mL) and subsequent proliferation of human prostate cancer LNCaP cells, it blocks cell cycle progression at the G1 phase by activating the p21 protein and ultimately pro

Usnic Acid (Usniacin) 是地衣次生代谢产物，具有独特的二苯并呋喃骨架。它是一种抗菌剂、抗肿瘤剂和酶抑制剂。

Lasalocid (Lasalocid-A) 是一种由链霉菌产生的离子载体抗生素，具有抗菌和寄生虫作用，常添加进饲料中。

β-Elemonic Acid (3-Oxotirucallenoic Acid) 是从乳香树中分离得到的一种三萜，具有抗癌和抗炎作用。它抑制脯氨酰内肽酶，诱导细胞凋亡，活性氧和COX-2表达。

PARP1/BRD4-IN-1 是高度选择性的 PARP1(IC50: 49 nM)和BRD4(IC50: 202 nM)的有效抑制剂。PARP1/BRD4-IN-1 能够抑制 PARP1 和 BRD4 的表达与活性，进而协同抑制胰腺癌细胞的恶性生长。

cpm-1285 作为一种化学化合物，其通过抑制细胞内的Bcl-2及相关的阻死蛋白来诱导细胞凋亡。该化合物对Bcl-2表现出高效的结合能力，其IC50值达到130 nM。此外，cpm-1285能有效地降低小鼠体内的肿瘤负荷。

Iberverin 是一种天然产品。它诱导 II 期酶活性并降低前列腺癌细胞中雄激素受体的表达。

Anticancer agent 65 在肿瘤细胞系中显示出良好的效果，尤其是 A549 细胞 (IC50: 1.07 μM)。Anticancer agent 65 能够将 A549 细胞的细胞周期阻滞在 S 期，诱导细胞凋亡，增加 p53、p21 的表达水平，并促使 ROS 生成和 MMP 崩溃。

Licofelone (ML-3000) 是一种 COX/LOX 双重抑制剂，IC50分别为 0.21和0.18 μM，有潜力研究骨关节炎，具有抗炎和抗增殖作用。它可诱导细胞凋亡，减少促炎性白三烯和前列腺素的产生。

4-tert-Octylphenol 是一种干扰内分泌的化学物质及雌激素药物，能诱导子代小鼠脑神经元祖细胞的凋亡，并通过减少溴脱氧尿苷（BrdU）、有丝分裂标志物Ki67以及磷酸组蛋白H3（p-Histone-H3）的表达，导致神经元祖细胞的增殖减少。这种物质不仅会干扰小鼠的大脑发育，还会影响其行为。

L-Sophoridine (Matridin-15-one) 一种从药用植物中提取的天然产物，具有多种药理作用，包括抗Y 作用，可在体外和体内选择性诱导多种人体Y 细胞凋亡；然而，其作用机制需要进一步阐述。

Narasin (sodium salt) (HainanMycin) 通过神经胶质瘤细胞中的 ER 应激诱导肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体 (TRAIL) 介导的细胞凋亡，并通过抑制 IκBα 的磷酸化来抑制 NF-κB 信号传导。

ar-Turmerone ((+)-ar-Turmerone) is a major bioactive compound of the herb Curcuma longa with anti-tumorigenesis and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2][3]. ar-Turmerone ((+)-ar-Turmerone) exerts positive modulation on murine DCs, induces NSC proliferation.

Clofazimine (NSC-141046) 是一种具有显著的抗炎效果的亚氨基酚嗪类染料，与其它抗分支杆菌药物联用来治疗AIDS 和克罗恩病。

Sodium diatrizoate是一种碘化不透射线 X 射线造影剂，在血管造影、尿路造影和放射造影中用作诊断辅助工具。它可通过钙失调诱导线粒体更新和氧化应激，激活细胞凋亡。

Thalidomide-5,6-F is a cereblon ligand derived from Thalidomide that is utilized for the recruitment of CRBN protein. It can be conjugated to a protein ligand through a linker, thus enabling the formation of PROTACs, a class of molecules with targeted protein degradation capabilities.

Pranoprofen (Pyranoprofen) 可抑制COX1/2酶，阻断花生四烯酸转化为二十烷醇，减少前列腺素的合成。它是一种用于眼科的非甾体抗炎试剂。

AZT triphosphate is a Nucleoside Triphosphate.

RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride is a potent, selective, peptide-mimetic inhibitor of PAR-1 activation and internalization (binding IC50=0.44 uM) and shows no effect on PAR-2, PAR-3, or PAR-4. RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride inhibits the aggregation of human platelets induced by both SFLLRN-NH2 (IC50=0.16 μM) and thrombin (IC50=0.34 μM), quite selective relative to U46619 . RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride blocks angiogenesis and blocks the formation of new vessels in vivo. RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride induces cell apoptosis[1][2]. Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) are a family of G protein-coupled receptors activated by the proteolytic cleavage of their N-terminal extracellular domain, exposing a new amino terminal sequence that functions as a tethered ligand to activate the receptors.RWJ56110 inhibits the aggregation of human platelets induced by both SFLLRN-NH2 (IC50=0.16 μM) and thrombin (IC50=0.34 μM) while being quite selective relative to collagen and the thromboxane mimetic U46619 [1].RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride is fully inhibits thrombin-induced RASMC proliferation with an IC50 value of 3.5 μM. RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride shows blockade of thrombin's action with RASMC calcium mobilization (IC50=0.12 μM), as well as with HMVEC (IC50=0.13 μM) and HASMC calcium mobilization (IC50=0.17 μM)[1].RWJ56110 (0.1-10 μM; 24-96 hours) inhibits endothelial cell growth dose-dependently, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration of RWJ56110 is approximately 10 μM[2].RWJ56110 (0.1-10 μM; 6 hours) inhibits DNA synthesis of endothelial cells in a thymidine incorporation assays. Endothelial cells are in fast-growing state (50-60% confluence), RWJ56110 inhibits cell DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner, but when cells that are in the quiescent state (100% confluent), the inhibitory effect of PAR-1 antagonists is much less pronounced[2].RWJ56110 (0.1-10 μM; pretreatment for 15 min) inhibits thrombin-induced Erk1/2 activation in a concentration-dependent manner. However, when endothelial cells are stimulated by FBS (final concentration 4%), it reduces partially the activated levels of Erk1/2[2].RWJ56110 (30 μM; 24 hours) has an inhibitory effect on endothelial cell cycle progression. It reduces the percentage of cells in the S phase, while alterations in the percentages of G1 and G2/M cells are less pronounced[2]. Western Blot Analysis[2] Cell Line: Endothelial cells [1]. Andrade-Gordon, et al.Design, synthesis, and biological characterization of a peptide-mimetic antagonist for a tethered-ligand receptor. oc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Oct 26;96(22):12257-62. [2]. Panagiota Zania, et al. Blockade of angiogenesis by small molecule antagonists to protease-activated receptor-1: association with endothelial cell growth suppression and induction of apoptosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jul;318(1):246-54.

Desmethylxanthohumol shows estrogenic activity.

AZD1208 hydrochloride 是一种高选择性的、有效的、口服具有活力的 PIM 抑制剂。

Oleic acid (Glycon Wo) 属于天然产物，是一种常见的不饱和脂肪酸，在存在于多种动物、植物的脂肪和油脂中。Oleic acid 是一种 Na+/K+ATP 酶激活剂。

FKGK 18 is an inhibitor of group VIA (GVIA) calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2). It inhibits GVIA iPLA2 by 99.9% at 0.091 mole fraction in a mixed micelle activity assay and is selective for GVIA iPLA2 over GIVA cPLA2 and GV sPLA2 where it shows 80.8 and 36.8% inhibition, respectively. FKGK 18 inhibits iPLA2β activity in cytosolic extracts from INS-1 cells overexpressing iPLA2β (IC50 = ~50 nM) as well as iPLA2γ activity in mouse heart membrane fractions (IC50s = ~1-3 μM). It inhibits glucose-induced increases in prostaglandin E2 production and insulin secretion in human pancreatic islets when used at a concentration of 10 μM and inhibits thapsigargin-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells overexpressing iPLA2β in a concentration-dependent manner. FKGK 18 (20 mg/kg, 3 times per week) reduces blood glucose levels in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, decreases the incidence of diabetes, and increases serum insulin levels in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.

STAT3-IN-1 是一种选择性的、口服有效的 STAT3的强效抑制剂，可诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，其在 HT29 和MDA-MB 231 细胞中的IC50值分别为1.82 μM 和2.14 μM。

Forodesine hydrochloride (BCX-1777 hydrochloride), a potent inhibitor of human lymphocyte proliferation, effectively induces apoptosis in leukemic cells by elevating dGTP levels. This compound is an orally active, highly potent purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitor, demonstrating IC50 values between 0.48 to 1.57 nM across human, mouse, rat, monkey, and dog PNP.

L-Proline (proline) 是人体非必需氨基酸。它是胶原蛋白的重要组成部分，对关节和肌腱的正常运作很重要。它还有助于维持和加强心脏肌肉。

RET-IN-20 是一种有效的RET 抑制剂，IC50值为 13.7 nM。RET-IN-20 降低 p-Ret、p-Shc 蛋白的表达。RET-IN-20 诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。RET-IN-20 具有抗增殖和抗肿瘤活性。

Liriodenine是一种天然的生物碱，通过靶向caspase-3和caspase-9诱导多种癌细胞凋亡，具有抗菌、抗真菌、抗肿瘤、抗病毒和抗血小板聚集等活性。

Thalidomide-O-amido-C3-NH2 TFA (Cereblon Ligand-Linker Conjugates 16 TFA) 包含基于 Thalidomide 的 cereblon 配体和 1 个 linker，是一种合成的 E3 连接酶配体-linker 偶联物，。

Etoposide Phosphate是一种选择性和可口服的topoisomerase II抑制剂和癌症化疗药品，通过DNA损伤、p53通路和细胞周期G2/M阻滞,抑制癌细胞的生长和诱导凋亡